{"id":18663,"date":"2015-09-23T08:59:56","date_gmt":"2015-09-23T08:59:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/?page_id=18663"},"modified":"2023-03-06T15:44:56","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T15:44:56","slug":"orchard-training-systems","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/orchard-training-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"Training Systems"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row row_type=&#8221;parallax&#8221; parallax_content_width=&#8221;in_grid&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; full_screen_section_height=&#8221;no&#8221; background_image=&#8221;17955&#8243; section_height=&#8221;500&#8243;][vc_column][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;center&#8221; color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; thickness=&#8221;6&#8243; width=&#8221;640&#8243; up=&#8221;200&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">TRAINING SYSTEMS<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;center&#8221; color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; thickness=&#8221;6&#8243; width=&#8221;640&#8243; down=&#8221;200&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full_width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"call_to_action normal\" style=\"background-color: #e8e8e8;\"><div class=\"container_inner\"><div class=\"two_columns_75_25 clearfix\"><div class=\"text_wrapper column1\"><div class=\"call_to_action_text \" style=\"\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Need advice for your orchard? Our technical department is here for you!<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"button_wrapper column2\"><a itemprop=\"url\" href=\"mailto:comunicazione@spinazzegroup.com\" class=\"qbutton white \" target=\"\" style=\"color: #333333;border-color: #333333;\" data-hover-background-color=#97bf0d data-hover-border-color=#97bf0d data-hover-color=#ffffff>CONTACT US<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;grid&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;80&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>Espalier Systems<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p>Fruit tree training systems have evolved from <strong><em>Spindel <\/em><\/strong>expanded systems to present day <strong><em>Espalier<\/em><\/strong> systems. The general tendency is to privilege thick foliage\u00a0vertical leaf walls. This is the case of Bibaum system developed by Mazzoni or other systems with\u00a0multiple\u00a0productive branches. In all these training systems the supporting structure is given by reinforced concrete posts and \u00a0numerous wires supporting trees and fruits.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221; up=&#8221;10&#8243; down=&#8221;10&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;grid&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;21940&#8243; img_size=&#8221;535&#215;355&#8243; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_left&#8221;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;21943&#8243; img_size=&#8221;535&#215;355&#8243; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_right&#8221;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;grid&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;50&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>Pergola Systems<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p>In Northern Europe pergola and spacers are used in V shape or Y shape systems as an alternative to espalier systems. These systems are widely used in pear and cherry tree plantations.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221; up=&#8221;10&#8243; down=&#8221;10&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;grid&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;21928&#8243; img_size=&#8221;535&#215;355&#8243; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_left&#8221;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;21945&#8243; img_size=&#8221;535&#215;355&#8243; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_right&#8221;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;grid&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;60&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>Kiwi training systems<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column_text]Kiwi training system requires a completely different supporting structure. Arched and straight pergolas are both used according to the plantation with the aim of sustaining lateral shoots. The bending angle and dimensions vary according to the training system and the objectives of the cultrivation.\u00a0To start a pergola system, select strong fruiting laterals during winter pruning, and train them over the pergola. These will become permanent secondary cordons and should be spaced about 3 feet apart. Either fruiting laterals or spurs will be allowed to develop along the secondary cordons.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221; up=&#8221;10&#8243; down=&#8221;10&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;grid&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;18314&#8243; img_size=&#8221;535&#215;355&#8243; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_left&#8221;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;16948&#8243; img_size=&#8221;535&#215;355&#8243; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_right&#8221;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full_width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;60&#8243;][vc_column]<div class=\"call_to_action normal\" style=\"background-color: #97bf0d;\"><div class=\"container_inner\"><div class=\"two_columns_75_25 clearfix\"><div class=\"text_wrapper column1\"><div class=\"call_to_action_text \" style=\"\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Need to cover your orchard? Consider our covering solutions for orchards!<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"button_wrapper column2\"><a itemprop=\"url\" href=\"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/media\/orchard-projects-photo\/\" class=\"qbutton white \" target=\"_parent\" style=\"\" data-hover-background-color=#ffffff data-hover-border-color=#ffffff data-hover-color=#97bf0d>view<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row row_type=&#8221;parallax&#8221; parallax_content_width=&#8221;in_grid&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; full_screen_section_height=&#8221;no&#8221; background_image=&#8221;17955&#8243; section_height=&#8221;500&#8243;][vc_column][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;center&#8221; color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; thickness=&#8221;6&#8243; width=&#8221;640&#8243; up=&#8221;200&#8243;][vc_column_text] TRAINING SYSTEMS [\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;center&#8221; color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; thickness=&#8221;6&#8243; width=&#8221;640&#8243; down=&#8221;200&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full_width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221;][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;grid&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;80&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text] Espalier Systems [\/vc_column_text][vc_separator type=&#8221;small&#8221; position=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column_text] Fruit tree training&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full_width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18663","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18663"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21981,"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18663\/revisions\/21981"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spinazzegroup.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}